Pressure medications with the least side effects

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From this article you will learn: whether there are drugs from the pressure without different side effects. Which drugs have fewer adverse effects, and how they help with high blood pressure. Ease of use of different drugs.

Article Contents:

  1. Hybrid or binary alpha-beta blockers
  2. Antispasmodic drugs( antispasmodics)
  3. Alpha-blockers
  4. Beta-blockers
  5. Peripheral vasodilators
  6. inhibitors of ACE or converting enzyme
  7. Antihypertensive drugs central action
  8. Inhibitors of angiotensin receptors, or Sartai
  9. Diureticor diuretics( diuretics)
  10. Antagonists, or blockers, calcium ions( slow calcium channels)
  11. Activators of potassium channels
  12. Sympatholytic drugs, or sympatholytics
  13. Conclusion

There are no drugs against hypertension without any side effects. All drugs have adverse effects that are associated with:

  • individual intolerance;
  • by the mechanism of action;
  • activity of the constituent elements of the preparation( its decay products);
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  • cumulative properties;
  • by the way of introduction into the body;
  • a single effective dose.

The pharmacy market is filled with funds from high pressure. Preparations with the same active principle are released under different names, which they are assigned by pharmacological companies. In order to list them all, one article will not suffice.

But, despite all the diversity, the drugs from high blood pressure are representatives of several major groups, united by a common mechanism of action and side effects:

  1. Peripheral vasodilators( Апрессин, Молсидомин, Натрия Нитропруссид).
  2. Antagonists, or blockers, of calcium ions( verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem).
  3. Hypotensive drugs of central action( Clofelin, Methyldofa).
  4. Sympatholytic drugs( Reserpine, Octadin, Raunatin).
  5. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors( captopril, enalapril, lisinopril).
  6. Angiotensin receptor blockers, or Sartans( Lozartan, Valsartan).
  7. Activators of potassium channels( Minoxidil, Pinacidil).
  8. Spasmolytic drugs( Dibazol, Fenicaberan, Euphyllin, Theophylline).
  9. Alpha-blockers( Tropafen, Butyroxane, Prazosin).
  10. Beta-blockers( Anaprilin, Atenolol, Betaxolol).
  11. Hybrid alpha-beta blockers( Labetalol, Proxodolol).
  12. Diuretic or diuretic drugs( hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide, indapamide, diacarb, spironolactone).

Get advice on any medications that lower blood pressure and have fewer side effects, you can have a therapist or a cardiologist.

Further in the article the thesis provides information on each of the groups of medicines indicating the mechanism of action, side effects and main representatives. Groups are sorted in order of increasing number of adverse effects: the first to consider tablets that have little effect on the body as a whole, the latter - drugs with the maximum number of side effects.

Given that individual intolerance in the form of allergic reactions of any form is a common side effect of all drugs, this effect will not be further indicated.

1. Hybrid or binary alpha-beta blockers of

How do Adverse effects essential drugs
expands peripheral vessels

reduces the load on the myocardium

They reduce the heart rate and blood volume, which throws

heart Improve the nutrition of the heart muscle

Headache

Dizziness

Nausea

unstable chair

expression of feelings of fatigue

Shortness of breath

Toxic hepatitis

Hair loss( allopecia)

Labetalol

Proxodolol

2. Spasmolytic prearthritis( spasmolytic)

How works Adverse effects Essential medicines
Act on smooth vascular musculature, causing their relaxation and expansion

Have a moderate ability to stimulate an increase in diuresis

Decrease blood viscosity by preventing the adhesion of platelets

Reduce heart strain

Weakness

Headaches

Dizziness

Appetite disorder

Nausea

Feeling of heat all over the body

Sweating( gpergidroz)

Heartburn

Fenikaberan

Dibazol

Diprofen

Eufillin

Theophylline

3. Alpha-blockers act

As Adverse effects
basic drugs block the action of hormones, which cause vasoconstriction expressed( epinephrine, norepinephrine)

expands peripheral vasculature

Loss of consciousness with abrupt change of position

Increased blood viscosity and risk of clot formation in vessels

Vascular wall ruptureWhen it pronounced atherosclerosis lesion

Changing rhythm of heart muscle contractions( tachy and bradycardia)

Dizziness

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Dyspnea

Emotional changes

Depression

Tropafen

Prazosin

Butiroksan

Phentolamine

4. Beta-blockers act

As Adverse effects of Essential medicines
Decrease the strength of cardiac muscle contractions

Slim heart rate

Decrease the need for myocardiumin oxygen and nutrients

Reduces the amount of blood that throws the heart into the systole( cardiac output)

Vomiting, nausea

Liquid chair

Rare heart contractions( bradycardia)

General weakness

Dizziness

Depression

Spasmodic bronchitis

Drying of the oral mucosa

Inflammationof the mucosa of the eye

Changes in sensitivity on arms and legs

Anaprilin

Timolol

Atenolol

Metoprolol

5. Peripheral vasodilators

How the works The unfavorable effects Essential medicines
Acts on a small vascular network, relieving spasm and dilating the arterioles and venules

Depending on the drug, it can affect both individual types of vessels and all kinds of capillaries

Strengthens the contractions of the myocardium

Reduce heart strain

Dizziness

Headaches

Severe blood pressure lowering

Collapsoid states

Emetic urges, vomiting

Increased riMA contractions of the heart muscle

Pain in the chest

Boosting of the body temperature

Change in the color of the facial skin

Loss of appetite

Decrease in the level of potassium in the blood

Sodium Nitroprusside

Molsidomine

Appression

6. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors

How the works Adverse effects Essential medicines
An enzyme that affects the activation of a substance that causes vasospasm

is dilatedperipheral arterioles

Reduce the load on all parts of the heart muscle

Improve myocardial function in violation of its function

Increase blood flow in the lungs and kidneys

Heart rate contraction

Significant pressure decrease

Loss of appetite

Headache

Taste disorders

Reduction in blood of leukocytes

Appearanceprotein in the urine

Dry nasal cough

Increase of the level of the creatinine in the blood( hypercreatininaemia)

Muscle weakness

Reduction of the level of hemoglobin(

Captopril

Lisinopril

Enalapril

7. Center-action hypotensive drugs

How do work? Adverse effects of Essential medicines
Have a central effect on the vasomotor center in the brain, blocking the activation of the sympathetic system

Decrease blood volume with cardiac muscle systole

Reduceresistance of peripheral vessels

Slow conduction of electrical impulse in the heart

Drying of the mucosa in thein

Constipation Drowsiness

breakdown

Depression

attention disorders Impotence

slowing heart rate Temperature rise

Vomiting

Reduced white blood cell count and platelet

Toxic hepatitis

Clonidine Methyldopa

Urapidil

Guanfacine

8. Angiotensin receptor blockers,or the Sartans

As operate Adverse effects basic drugs
replaced by Angitenzin 2

Extend receptor vascular cell peripheral vessels

Improve the heart muscle

improves blood flow to the liver

Dyspepsia

Stool irregularities

Dizziness

Headache

impaired consciousness

Drowsiness

Painin muscles and joints

Cough

Decreased level of hemoglobin, leukocytes

Flu-like state

Increase in levelhepatic enzyme bilirubin( jaundice)

Renal dysfunction

Increased amount of potassium in the blood

Losartan

Valsartan

Carzartan

Telmisartan

9. Diuretic or diuretic

diuretics How do work? Adverse effects of Essential medicines
Increase the excretion of urine(diuresis)

Discharge of sodium and potassium ions

Decrease the volume of blood that is in the vessels

Reduce the load on the heart muscle

Eliminate congestionand in the circulatory system of the lungs

Decrease the effect on the vessel wall of the sympathetic nervous system

Decrease in the amount of potassium in the blood( hypokalemia)

Deceleration of the heart( bradycardia)

Low blood pressure

Alkalization

Increase in plasma glucose

Weakness

Aspiration to vomit

Diarrhea

Fainting and collapoid conditions with position change

Gout exacerbation

Dry mouth

Redness of mucosaand the eye

Change in sensitivity in the legs and hands

Change in sensitivity in the legs and hands

Hydrochlorothiazide

Furosemide

Indapamide

Diakarb

Spironolactone

10. Antagonists or blockers of calcium ions( slow calcium channels)

How do work? Adverse effects of Essential medicines
Causes vasodilation in allorganism

Decrease resistance of fine capillary network

Improve blood supply to myocardium

Relieve pain in heart

Increase fluidityblood, preventing platelets from sticking together

Slow conducting wave reductions in cardiac conduction pathways

reduces the consumption of the heart muscle of oxygen

vomiting, retching

Dizziness

Fatigue

Drowsiness

Swelling of the hands and feet

Pain in the occipital and frontal part of the head

Constipation

heart block

Very low pressure

Acute myocardial infringement form

Redness of the skin on the face and upper body

Gum bleeding

Increased appetite

Extrapyramidal disorders( trembling, unsteady gait)

Verapamil

Nifedipine

Amlodipine

Diltiazem

11. Potassium channel activators

How works 's adverse effects Adverse effects of Essential medicines
Causes relaxation of arteriolar walls in the capillary network

Reduces strain on the heart muscle

Violation of the rhythm of contractions of the myocardium

Feeling of heat and redness in the upper body and face

Swelling on the legs and hands

Low arterialpressure

Loss of consciousness when changing position

Vomiting urgency

Vomiting

Unstable chair

Headache

Circling of objects in front of the eyesThe inability to sleep

Increased hair growth throughout the body( hypertrichosis)

Peeling scalp

Scratching

Nicorandil

Minoxidil

pinacidil

12. sympatholytic drugs, sympatholytic or

As operate Adverse effects basic drugs displace
hormones sympathetic nervous system(norepinephrine, adrenaline) in the vessels of the

vessels. Reduce the number of myocardial contractions

Decrease the discharge of blood in the heart with systole

Guoovokruzhenie

breakdown

pain in the occipital region

Reduction of strength in the muscles

Loose stools

pain in the parotid region

loss of consciousness when you change position

swelling in the legs

Red eyes

deceleration pulse

Anxiety

Anxiety

Depression

Insomnia

Herpetic eruptions

Weight gain

Sexual function disorder

Reserpine

Octadin

Raunatin

13. Conclusion

Despite the fact that medications for hypertension withoutobochnyh effects no, adverse effects of drugs occur infrequently. Basically, when starting therapy or selecting an effective individual dose.

It is important to remember that when choosing a drug for treatment, the doctor is guided by the age, the presence of complications or concomitant illnesses of the patient, and not the number of side effects. This affects the further course of hypertensive disease and a prognosis for life.